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THERMODYNAMICS STATE OF A PURE SUBSTANCE
A pure substance is a substance of constant chemical composition throughout its mass. It is a one-component system. It may exist in one or more phases. Let us consider a unit mass of solid water (ice) as a pure substance enclosed in a cylinder at atmospheric pressure of 1.01235 bar. Keeping…

Uses of Flash chamber and Accumulator
Flash chamber Flash chamber is an insulated tank. It is always fitted after the metering or throttling device but before the evaporator in a vapour compression refrigeration system. Need of flash chamber: It has been observed that the liquid refrigerant coming out from the expansion device contains some vapour refrigerant also. (normally vapour liquid mixture)….
How are Applications of Refrigeration
The refrigeration applications may be grouped into the following categories: Domestic refrigeration Commercial refrigeration Industrial refrigeration Marine and transportation refrigeration Food refrigeration Preservation by refrigeration Comfort air-conditioning Industrial air-conditioning Preservation by refrigeration Freezing preservation: This is the most and most commonly used method for the preservation of almost all types of foods. The activity of…

What is the principle of vapour compression system?
PRINCIPLE OF WORKING OF VAPOUR COMPRESSION SYSTEM In this type, the vapors condense or evaporate within the working ranga of temperature of the refrigeration systems. Here the working agents undergo changes of state and heat changes are in the form of latent heat. Construction A schematic diagram of vapor compression system : The basic components…

How cooling tower system works?
COOLING TOWER Cooling towers are essentially water conservation or recovery devices. Cooling towers are the largest mass and heat transfer devices used extensively wherever water is used as a cooling medium as in the case of water-cooled condensers. Principle of cooling tower A cooling tower is heat-rejection equipment where the warm water from the condenser…